offer2-62


**Trie**(发音类似 “try”)或者说 前缀树 是一种树形数据结构,用于高效地存储和检索字符串数据集中的键。这一数据结构有相当多的应用情景,例如自动补完和拼写检查。

请你实现 Trie 类:

  • Trie() 初始化前缀树对象。
  • void insert(String word) 向前缀树中插入字符串 word
  • boolean search(String word) 如果字符串 word 在前缀树中,返回 true(即,在检索之前已经插入);否则,返回 false
  • boolean startsWith(String prefix) 如果之前已经插入的字符串 word 的前缀之一为 prefix ,返回 true ;否则,返回 false

示例:

输入
inputs = ["Trie", "insert", "search", "search", "startsWith", "insert", "search"]
inputs = [[], ["apple"], ["apple"], ["app"], ["app"], ["app"], ["app"]]
输出
[null, null, true, false, true, null, true]

解释
Trie trie = new Trie();
trie.insert("apple");
trie.search("apple");   // 返回 True
trie.search("app");     // 返回 False
trie.startsWith("app"); // 返回 True
trie.insert("app");
trie.search("app");     // 返回 True

提示:

  • 1 <= word.length, prefix.length <= 2000
  • wordprefix 仅由小写英文字母组成
  • insertsearchstartsWith 调用次数 总计 不超过 3 * 104
//leetcode submit region begin(Prohibit modification and deletion)
class Trie {

    private Trie[] leaf;
    public boolean isEnd;

    /** Initialize your data structure here. */
    public Trie() {
        this.leaf = new Trie[26];
        this.isEnd = false;
    }

    /** Inserts a word into the trie. */
    public void insert(String word) {
        if (word != null) {
            Trie trie = this;
            for (char ch : word.toCharArray()) {
                if (trie.leaf[ch - 'a'] == null) {
                    trie.leaf[ch - 'a'] = new Trie();
                }
                trie = trie.leaf[ch - 'a'];
            }
            trie.isEnd = true;
        }
    }

    /** Returns if the word is in the trie. */
    public boolean search(String word) {
        if (word == null) {
            return true;
        }

        Trie trie = this;
        for (char ch : word.toCharArray()) {
            if (trie.leaf[ch - 'a'] == null) {
                return false;
            }
            trie = trie.leaf[ch - 'a'];
        }
        return trie.isEnd;
    }

    /** Returns if there is any word in the trie that starts with the given prefix. */
    public boolean startsWith(String prefix) {
        if (prefix == null) {
            return true;
        }

        Trie trie = this;
        for (char ch : prefix.toCharArray()) {
            Trie nextTrie = trie.leaf[ch - 'a'];
            if (nextTrie == null) {
                return false;
            }
            trie = nextTrie;
        }
        return true;
    }
}

/**
 * Your Trie object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * Trie obj = new Trie();
 * obj.insert(word);
 * boolean param_2 = obj.search(word);
 * boolean param_3 = obj.startsWith(prefix);
 */
//leetcode submit region end(Prohibit modification and deletion)

文章作者: 倪春恩
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