给定一个二叉搜索树的根节点 root
,和一个整数 k
,请你设计一个算法查找其中第 k
个最小元素(从 1 开始计数)。
示例 1:
输入:root = [3,1,4,null,2], k = 1
输出:1
示例 2:
输入:root = [5,3,6,2,4,null,null,1], k = 3
输出:3
提示:
- 树中的节点数为
n
。 1 <= k <= n <= 104
0 <= Node.val <= 104
进阶:如果二叉搜索树经常被修改(插入/删除操作)并且你需要频繁地查找第 k
小的值,你将如何优化算法?
//leetcode submit region begin(Prohibit modification and deletion)
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public int kthSmallest(TreeNode root, int k) {
Map<TreeNode, Integer> cntMap = new HashMap<>();
return findKth(root, cntMap, k);
}
private int findKth(TreeNode node, Map<TreeNode, Integer> cntMap, int k) {
int leftCnt = getNodeCnt(cntMap, node.left);
int rightCnt = getNodeCnt(cntMap, node.right);
if (k <= leftCnt) {
return findKth(node.left, cntMap, k);
} else if (k == leftCnt + 1) {
return node.val;
} else {
return findKth(node.right, cntMap, k - leftCnt - 1);
}
}
private int getNodeCnt(Map<TreeNode, Integer> cntMap, TreeNode node) {
if (node == null) {
return 0;
}
if (cntMap.containsKey(node)) {
return cntMap.get(node);
}
int cnt = 1 + getNodeCnt(cntMap, node.left) + getNodeCnt(cntMap, node.right);
cntMap.put(node, cnt);
return cnt;
}
}
//leetcode submit region end(Prohibit modification and deletion)